Oncorisks

Why is genetic predisposition to cancer important for a preventive approach?

Most cancers are multifactorial in nature, with genetics being one factor in carcinogenesis that influences individual risk. Genetic variants may increase susceptibility to certain types of tumors, influence how the body responds to external carcinogenic factors, or be associated with susceptibility to viruses with proven oncogenic potential.

Knowledge of genetic risk factors does not change what is already embedded in DNA, but it provides a basis for a conscious approach to monitoring and prevention together with an oncologist. A person with a family cancer history and increased genetic predisposition can receive a personalized screening schedule from a doctor — and this is fundamentally different from standard oncological screening recommendations.

This hereditary cancer test assesses genetic features across 22 indicators — brain and blood cancers, organ and tissue cancers, respiratory cancers, as well as genetic factors related to lifestyle and viral triggers. These data are stable throughout life and can supplement the oncologist's clinical assessment.

What indicators does the test evaluate?

Brain and blood oncology

Six indicators covering genetic predispositions to malignant neoplasms of the nervous system and hematopoietic organs.

• Glioma, glioblastoma, and oligodendroglioma — genetic factors of susceptibility to primary brain tumors of varying degrees of malignancy are analyzed.

• Leukemia — genetic features associated with a predisposition to malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system are identified.

• Lymphogranulomatosis (Hodgkin's lymphoma) — genetic factors of predisposition to malignant lesions of the lymphatic system are evaluated.

• Multiple myeloma — genetic features associated with a predisposition to malignant lesions of bone marrow plasma cells are analyzed.

Oncology of organs and tissues

Nine indicators covering genetic predispositions to cancer of internal organs and tissues.

• Stomach cancer and pancreatic cancer — genetic factors of susceptibility to malignant neoplasms of the digestive system are analyzed.

• Liver cancer and cholangiocarcinoma — genetic features associated with susceptibility to primary liver and bile duct cancer are being identified.

• Kidney cancer and bladder cancer — genetic factors of predisposition to malignant neoplasms of the urinary system are evaluated.

• Thyroid cancer — genetic features associated with the predisposition to malignant thyroid neoplasms of various histological types are analyzed.

• Skin cancer — genetic factors of susceptibility to malignant skin neoplasms are being determined, in particular those related to the reaction to ultraviolet radiation.

• Sarcoma — genetic features of predisposition to malignant tumors of connective and muscle tissue are evaluated.

Respiratory oncology

Three indicators covering genetic predispositions to malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system.

• Lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma — genetic factors of susceptibility to the two main types of malignant neoplasms of lung tissue are analyzed.

• Throat cancer — genetic features of predisposition to malignant neoplasms of the pharynx are determined.

Cancer risks: lifestyle and viruses

Four indicators that cover the genetic features of the body's response to external factors with proven oncogenic potential.

• Smoking — genetic features of detoxification enzymes are analyzed, which determine individual cell vulnerability to carcinogens in tobacco smoke.

• Alcohol consumption — genetic features of alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism are determined, which affect the cancer risk when consuming it.

• Epstein-Barr virus — genetic susceptibility factors to this virus, which is associated with the development of certain lymphomas and carcinomas, are being evaluated.

• Herpes zoster — genetic features of immune control of the varicella-zoster virus are analyzed in the context of cancer risk.

Who is this test relevant to?

• For people with a family history of cancer: a genetic cancer risk test helps understand the genetic component of individual risk and form a personalized screening schedule together with an oncologist.

• For those who want to approach cancer prevention consciously: a genetic cancer risk test provides the basis for more targeted monitoring of specific organs.

• People with risk factors — smoking, regular alcohol consumption, chronic viral infections: a cancer gene test assesses individual vulnerability at the genetic level.

• Those who undergo regular medical examinations: genetic cancer screening data supplements clinical exams and helps build a more informed prevention protocol and choice of profile screenings.

The results of this DNA cancer test are not a diagnosis and are not a replacement for oncological examination. The Apixmed Prism report assesses hereditary genetic variants — not somatic mutations — data that complements the clinical assessment and can be the basis for discussing a personalized approach to monitoring with an oncologist.